Lefkada is a very old wine region with a history back to ancient times. The whole island used to be covered in vineyards, many areas that are now wild still have the old terracing.
Lefkadian wine is first mentioned in ancient Greek literature from the 8th century BC; one of the earliest regions noted for wine. Pliny the Elder wrote that he particularly liked Lefkada wine. He also said that Ptolemy, the Egyptian pharaoh, was recommended it by his doctor.
The industry was decimated in the early 20th century through disease and a trade embargo with Italy. More recently old vineyards have been restored and new ones planted. The wines are returning to Lefkada.
The traditional variety grown is Vertzami, with more than 90% of production. It is also grown in Corfu, Cyprus and Epirus but known as the Lefkada grape. It is known for its deep red colour and high levels of sugar. In olden times most of the production was exported to Italy where it combined with other grapes to produce fine Italian red wines.